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Hundert Jahre österreichischer Wirtschaftsentwicklung

1949

by Mayer

[Title Page and Publication Information]: Title page and publication details for the commemorative volume 'Hundert Jahre österreichischer Wirtschaftsentwicklung 1848–1948', edited by Hans Mayer and published in 1949...

Economic DevelopmentHans MayerEconomic PolicyEconomic HistoryAustrian SchoolLaissez-faireLiberalismMethodologyMonetary TheoryFiscal PolicyinfrastructureMonetary PolicySocial PolicyinsuranceLabor LawIndustrial RevolutionKarl MarxKlemens von MetternichnationalismSocial DemocracyInflationUnemploymentAdam SmithGuildsMercantilismPhysiocracyBureaucracyFrench RevolutionTrade PolicyproletariatOtto von BismarckCorporatismWorld War ITotalitarianismEconomic RecoveryMarket StructureCarl MengerEugen von Bohm-BawerkFriedrich von WieserDeflationBimetallismGold StandardMonetary ReformMonetary StabilityGeorg Friedrich KnappGold ReservesBalance of PaymentsLeague of NationsBretton WoodsJohn Maynard KeynesReichsbankInheritance TaxFriedrich A. HayekLudwig von MisesDivision of LaborOskar MorgensternPublic FinanceWorld War IIBusiness Cycle TheoryDeficit SpendingGreat DepressionProductivityMonopolyProgressive TaxationTaxationInvestmentTax ReformGustav SchmollerInheritancePrivatizationMoney SupplyWar EconomyDevaluationProtectionismbankingConsumer SovereigntycooperativesEconomies of ScaleIndividualismSozialpolitikAutarkyCustoms UnionFree TradeSpeculationstock exchangeEconomic CrisisRationalizationCartelsMoney MarketPlanned EconomyPrice ControlsSocialismInternational TradeMarshall PlanNationalizationWelfare StateAnschlussInnovationSubsidieseconomic efficiencyThomas MalthusTrade UnionsFerdinand LassalleAdolf WagnerEugen von PhilippovichKathedersozialismusLorenz von SteinLand ReformOtto BauerCollective BargainingLabor MarketWagesClassical EconomicsAlbert SchaffleHistorical SchoolMethodenstreitWilhelm RoscherMax WeberValue JudgmentsMarginal UtilitySubjective ValueCapital TheoryInterest TheoryZurechnungBusiness CyclesEmil SaxJoseph SchumpeterFritz MachlupGame TheoryGottfried HaberlerOthmar SpannagricultureEmil LedererKarl KautskyMathematical EconomicsInterventionismMarxism

Table of Contents · 208 segments

1
Title Page and Publication Informationtheoretical
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2
Foreword by Julius Raabtheoretical
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3
Introduction by Anton Widmanntheoretical
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4
Preface by Hans Mayertheoretical
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5
Table of Contentsbibliography
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6
Table of Contents: Labor Law, Social Insurance, and Economic Theorychapter
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7
Austria Since 1848: Political and Social Transformationessay
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8
The Second Republic and Post-War Challengesessay
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9
Notes and References for Austria Since 1848footnotes
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10
The Origin and Development of Chambers of Commerce in Austriaessay
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11
Historical Foundations for the Emergence of Chambers of Commercechapter
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12
The Austrian Context: From Vormärz to the 1848 Revolutionchapter
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13
The Founding and Organization of the Austrian Chambers of Commercechapter
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14
The Development of Chambers of Commerce in their First Centurychapter
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15
The Impact of the 1867 Compromise and the Rise of Nationalismchapter
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16
The Chamber Reform of 1868 and the Era of Liberalismchapter
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17
Organizational Challenges and the Question of Independent Craft Chamberschapter
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18
The Chambers in the First Republic and the 1920 Reorganizationchapter
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19
The Corporate State, the 1937 Act, and the National Socialist Erachapter
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20
Completion of a Century of Development: The Chamber Law of 1946chapter
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21
Inter-Institutional Cooperation and the Legacy of the Chamber Systemchapter
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22
Notes and References (1-101)footnotes
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23
Austrian Monetary and Currency Policy 1848–1948: Introductionchapter
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24
Die Periode des Silberagios 1848 bis 1878: Ursprung und Entwicklungchapter
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25
Währungspolitische Reformversuche unter Freiherr von Bruck (1855)chapter
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26
Die Plenersche Währungsreform (1862/63) und der Krieg von 1866chapter
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27
Der Ausgleich mit Ungarn und das Ende der Silberwährungchapter
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28
The Currency Reform of 1892 and the Transition to the Gold Standardchapter
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29
Economic Interests and the Role of the Chambers of Commercechapter
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30
The Currency Inquiry of 1892 and the Crown Currency Lawchapter
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31
Gold Acquisition and the Devisen Policy of the Austro-Hungarian Bankchapter
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32
Public Rejection of Gold Coins and the Final Success of the Reformchapter
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33
Probleme der Geld- und Währungspolitik während des ersten Weltkrieges und in der unmittelbaren Nachkriegszeitchapter
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34
Die Kriegsfinanzierung: Mechanismen und Abkommenchapter
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35
Kriegsanleihen und die Ausweitung der Bankkreditechapter
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36
Währungsentwicklung, Devisenkontrolle und Außenhandelchapter
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37
Überwindung der Inflation und endgültige Stabilisierungchapter
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39
Die Entwicklung bis zum Untergang der österreichischen Selbständigkeit: Sanierung und Währungsstabilitätchapter
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40
Die Bankenkrise: Bodenkreditanstalt und Creditanstaltchapter
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41
Währungspolitik und Devisenbewirtschaftungchapter
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42
Kreditpolitik und Deflationsdruckchapter
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43
Die Krise im Versicherungswesen: Der Phönix-Skandalchapter
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44
V. Die Zeit nach der Befreiung: Voraussetzungen der österreichischen Geldpolitik 1945chapter
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45
Das Schaltergesetz vom 3. Juli 1945 und das Schillinggesetz vom 30. November 1945chapter
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46
Das Preis-Lohn-Übereinkommen vom August 1947chapter
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47
Entwicklung des Lebenshaltungskostenindex und des Geldumlaufes (Tabelle)theoretical
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48
Das Währungsschutzgesetz vom 19. November 1947chapter
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49
Die Lohn-Preisvereinbarung vom September 1948chapter
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50
Abschließende Betrachtungen: 100 Jahre österreichische Geldpolitikchapter
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51
Anmerkungen (Footnotes 1-78)footnotes
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52
Währungspolitische Stellungnahme der Wiener Kammer (1932)essay
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53
Quellenverzeichnis und Fußnoten zur Währungsgeschichtefootnotes
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54
Die österreichische Finanzpolitik von 1848 bis 1948chapter
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55
The Fundamental Principles of Austrian Fiscal Policy (1848–1948)chapter
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56
Historical Development of State Expenditure Coveragechapter
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57
Balanced Budgets vs. Deficit Spending Theorytheoretical
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58
The Law of Increasing State Requirementschapter
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59
The Austrian Tax System: Foundations and Evolutionchapter
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60
Development of Direct Taxation: From Yield to Income Taxchapter
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61
Indirect Taxes, Turnover Tax, and Stamp Dutieschapter
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62
Increasing Tax Burden and State Debtchapter
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63
The Role of Chambers of Commerce and Five Periods of Fiscal Historychapter
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64
II. Die Zeit der Defizitwirtschaft (1848 bis 1867): Kurze Vorgeschichtechapter
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65
Military Conflicts and Budgetary Expansion (1848–1867)chapter
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66
Financial Administration's Efforts to Balance the Budgetchapter
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67
The Consequences of Chronic Deficits on State Powerchapter
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68
Taxation Development and the 1849 Reformschapter
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69
The Tripling of State Debt (1848–1867)chapter
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70
Monetary Intervention and the Rise of State Paper Moneychapter
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71
The Privatization of State Railwayschapter
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72
The Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 (Ausgleich)chapter
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73
III. Gesundung und Aufstieg der österreichischen Finanzen (1868 bis 1913)chapter
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74
Die Entwicklung der Ausgaben und Steuern (1868-1913)chapter
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75
Reformen der direkten und indirekten Steuernchapter
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76
Die Entwicklung der Staatsschuld und Währungsreformchapter
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77
Die Finanzierung der Eisenbahnbautenchapter
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78
IV. Die österreichischen Finanzen im ersten Weltkrieg und in der Inflation (1914 bis 1922)chapter
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79
Kriegssteuerpolitik und Nachkriegsinflationchapter
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80
V. Eineinhalb Jahrzehnte Stabilhaltungspolitik (1923 bis 1937)chapter
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81
Das Sanierungsprogramm und seine Durchführungchapter
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82
Die Hauptursache des Erfolges: Das Wiederaufleben der wirtschaftlichen Tätigkeitchapter
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83
Maßnahmen auf der Ausgabenseite und Budgetentwicklung 1925-1930chapter
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84
Die österreichischen Finanzen in der Weltwirtschaftskrisechapter
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85
Krisenmanagement: Creditanstalt und Steuererhöhungenchapter
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86
Steuerreformen und volkswirtschaftliche Auswirkungenchapter
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87
Entwicklung der Staatsschuld und Anleihewesenchapter
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88
VI. Die Überwindung der finanziellen Folgen des zweiten Weltkrieges (1945 bis 1948)chapter
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89
The Position of the Chambers of Commerce and Future Tasksessay
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90
Historical Statistics of the Austrian State Budget (1848–1938)bibliography
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91
Notes and References for Austrian Economic Developmentfootnotes
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92
A Century of Austrian Internal Trade (1848–1948)chapter
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93
Überblick über die Entwicklung des Handels in Österreichchapter
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94
Von den Anfängen bis 1848: Privilegien und Protektionismuschapter
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95
Weiterentwicklung und Strukturwandlung des Handelschapter
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96
Organisationen und die soziale Stellung der Kaufmannschaftchapter
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97
Development of Peddling and Market Systems since 1848chapter
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98
Modernization of Markets and the Rise of Fixed Retailchapter
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99
The Emergence of Department Stores and Retail Competitionchapter
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100
The Consumer Cooperative Movement (Konsumvereine)chapter
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101
Agricultural Cooperatives and the Shift from Individualismchapter
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102
The Evolution of Commodity Exchanges and Grain Tradingchapter
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103
Organizational Forms and the 1848 Revolutionchapter
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104
The Consolidation of Trade Guilds and Professional Associationschapter
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105
Tätigkeit der Handelsorganisationen von 1848 bis 1938chapter
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106
Kaufmännisches Bildungswesen und Wohlfahrtsanstaltenchapter
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107
Wandel in den Aufgaben und der Organisation des Handels im letzten Jahrzehnt (1938-1948)chapter
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108
Anmerkungen (Notes 1-29)footnotes
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109
From Mercantilism to a Free Economychapter
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110
The Struggle for Industrial Freedom and Early Mechanizationchapter
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111
Conditions of Industrial Production in Austriachapter
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112
Beginn einer neuen Entwicklung und erste Erfolge (1848 bis 1867)chapter
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113
Economic Obstacles and the Program of the Vienna Chamberchapter
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114
The Struggle for Customs Reform and the Bruck Planchapter
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115
The 1853 Treaty and the Shift Toward Western Tradechapter
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116
Statistical Overview of Trade Development (1850-1865)chapter
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117
Further Upswing, Crisis, and Consolidation (1868-1890): Political and Economic Foundationschapter
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118
The Economic Terms of the 1867 Compromise and the Agricultural Export Boomchapter
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119
Industrial Expansion and the Speculative Bubble (1869-1872)chapter
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120
The Crash of 1873 and the Subsequent Depressionchapter
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121
The Role of Trade Chambers and Institutional Reforms (1868-1875)chapter
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122
Trade Policy and the Shift Toward Protectionism (1868-1880)chapter
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123
Infrastructure, Capital Scarcity, and the Rise of Cartelschapter
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124
The Customs War with Romania and the 1887 Tariff Reformchapter
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125
Continuous Progress and Changes in Trade Policy (1891-1914)chapter
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126
The Caprivi Treaties and Central European Economic Integrationchapter
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127
Trade Relations with Balkan States: Serbia, Romania, and Bulgariachapter
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128
Russia's Entry into the European Market and Global Trade Expansionchapter
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129
Internal Tensions and Industrial Policy Divergencechapter
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130
The Decline of Liberal Trade and the Rise of High Protectionism (1906-1912)chapter
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131
VI. Probleme des ersten Weltkriegeschapter
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132
Foreign Trade and Economic Integration during WWIchapter
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133
VII. Reorganisation und Aufbau im neuen Staat (1919 bis 1938)chapter
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134
VIII. Ausblick: Post-WWII Reconstructionchapter
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135
Anmerkungen (Footnotes 1-102)footnotes
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136
Introduction: The Nature of Economic Policy and Systemschapter
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137
Defining Trade Policy and the History of Austrian Trade Lawchapter
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138
Austrian Trade Law Before 1848chapter
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139
The Development of Trade Law After 1848chapter
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140
Trade Law Under National Socialism and Post-War Reconstructionchapter
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141
Trade Promotion and Economic Rationalizationchapter
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142
V. Das gewerbliche Bildungswesen (The Industrial Education System)chapter
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143
VI. Das Ausstellungs- und Messewesen (Exhibitions and Trade Fairs)chapter
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144
VII. Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz (Industrial Property Protection)chapter
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145
VIII. Schlußwort (Gewerbepolitik)chapter
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146
Das österreichische Verkehrswesen im Wandel eines Jahrhunderts: Einleitungchapter
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147
Schiffsverkehr (Shipping and Navigation)chapter
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148
Schiffsverkehr (Continued) and Straßenverkehr (Road Traffic)chapter
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149
Eisenbahnen (Railways)chapter
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150
Luftverkehr und Rundspruchwesen (Air Traffic and Broadcasting)chapter
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151
Ausblick und Rechtsfragen (Outlook and Legal Issues)chapter
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152
Overview of Austrian Transport Law: Shipping and Railwaystheoretical
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153
Overview of Austrian Transport Law: Road Traffic and Aviationtheoretical
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154
Radiowesen and Transport Law Reformchapter
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155
Demands for Transport Administration Reformchapter
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156
Notes on Transport Historybibliography
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157
Social Policy and Social Law 1848-1945: The Beginningsessay
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158
Early Labor Organizations and the 1848 Revolutionessay
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159
The Rise of Organized Labor and the Social Democratic Partyessay
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160
Intellectual Foundations: Kathedersozialismus and Catholic Social Teachingessay
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161
The Taaffe Era and the Foundation of Worker Protectionessay
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162
Political Consolidation and the Labor Movement (1889-1914)essay
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163
White-Collar Employee Legislation and WWI Impactessay
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164
The Golden Age of Social Policy (1918-1920): Ferdinand Hanuschessay
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165
Social Policy during the Sanierung Period (1920-1933)essay
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166
Socialization Attempts and Tenant Protectionessay
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167
Labor Protection and the Eight-Hour Dayessay
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168
The Labor Constitution: Works Councils and Chambers of Laboressay
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169
Unemployment Insurance and the Great Depressionessay
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170
Modern Labor Contract Law and the Antiterror Actessay
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171
Social Insurance Expansion and the 1927 Actessay
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172
Red Vienna: Housing and Welfare Policyessay
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173
The Corporatist State (Ständestaat) and Social Reformessay
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174
Job Creation and National Socialist Labor Orderessay
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175
The Chambers of Commerce and Social Responsibilityessay
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176
Historical Evolution of Chamber-Labor Relationsessay
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177
Chamber Support for Education and Social Reformessay
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178
Arbeitsrecht: Die Entwicklung der Sozialpolitik nach 1945essay
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179
Arbeiterschutzrecht: Feiertage und Jugendschutzessay
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180
Arbeitsinspektion und Betriebshygieneessay
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181
Arbeitsvertragsrecht und Urlaubsregelungenessay
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182
Sondergesetze: Invaliden, Arbeitspflicht und Wiedereinstellungessay
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183
Wirtschaftssäuberung und Vertragsfreiheitessay
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184
Das Kollektivvertragsgesetz und die Lohn-Preis-Politikessay
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185
Arbeitsverfassungsrecht: Das Betriebsrätegesetz 1947essay
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186
Landarbeiterrecht und Kodifizierungessay
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187
Social Insurance Law under National Socialism and Post-War Reorganizationchapter
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188
Post-War Adjustments: Benefits, Contributions, and Social Subsidieschapter
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189
A Century of Economic Science in Austria: Classical and Romantic Schoolschapter
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190
The Historical School and Social-Ethical Currents in Economicschapter
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191
Eugen von Philippovich and the Synthesis of Theory and Social Policychapter
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192
The Austrian School of Economics: Origins and Carl Mengerchapter
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193
The Methodological Dispute and the Contributions of Böhm-Bawerk and Wieserchapter
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194
The Expansion and International Influence of the Austrian Schoolchapter
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195
The Third Generation and Contemporary Austrian Economistschapter
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196
Organic and Universalist Directions: Othmar Spann and Gottl-Ottilienfeldchapter
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197
Socialist, Marxist, and Conservative Economic Theories in Austriachapter
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198
The Evolution of Scientific and Administrative Statistics in Austriaessay
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199
Theoretical Schools and the Influence of Social Physicsessay
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200
The Rise of Practical and Administrative Statistics under Czoernig and Inama-Sterneggessay
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201
Modern Statistical Methods, Econometrics, and the Austrian Schoolessay
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202
Betriebswirtschaftslehre in Österreichessay
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203
Wirtschaftspraxis und Wirtschaftstheorie in Österreich: Einfluß der ökonomischen Lehren auf die Politikessay
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204
Nationalökonomische Theoretiker in der Wirtschaftspolitikessay
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205
Wirtschaftspolitiker als Wissenschafter und Institutionenessay
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206
Anmerkungen (Footnotes)footnotes
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207
Literaturverzeichnis (Bibliography)bibliography
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208
Namenverzeichnis (Index of Names)bibliography
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209
Sachverzeichnis (Subject Index)bibliography
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