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A History of Economic Reasoning

1983

by Pribram

[Front Matter and Publication Details]: Title page, copyright information, and publication metadata for Karl Pribram's 'A History of Economic Reasoning'...

Economic HistoryAdam SmithDavid RicardoHistorical SchoolMarxismMercantilismPhysiocracyutilitarianismAlfred MarshallBusiness CyclesInstitutionalismKeynesian EconomicsMarginal UtilityMonetary ReformStockholm SchoolWelfare EconomicsEconomic DevelopmentGame TheoryInternational TradeMathematical EconomicsMethodologyRationalityFriedrich A. HayekAustrian SchoolEugen von Bohm-BawerkFriedrich von WieserGustav SchmollerMarginalismHans KelsenMethodenstreitCommunismnatural lawThomas AquinasCollectivismFeudalismGuildsOthmar SpannProperty RightsUtilityLabor Theory of ValueusuryAristotleInterest RatesQuantity Theory of MoneySubjective ValuebankingCapitalisminsuranceRationalizationInflationpolitical philosophysocial contractSovereigntyMax WeberMonopolyWerner SombartPrice TheoryBalance of PaymentsCausalityEquilibriumExchange RatesEmpiricismIndividualismJohn LockeThomas HobbesLiberalismProtectionismWilliam PettyVelocity of CirculationBank of EnglandCredit ExpansionFiat MoneyJohn LawpovertyProductivityWagesResource AllocationRichard CantillonEntrepreneurshipDavid HumeWelfare StateLaissez-faireJean-Jacques RousseauMontesquieuSeparation of PowersVoltaireEpistemologyIncome DistributionCapital AccumulationCompetitionAnne-Robert-Jacques TurgotInterest TheoryMonetary TheoryScarcityUncertaintyDiminishing ReturnsDivision of LaborTaxationClassical EconomicsJeremy BenthamExchange ValueSay's LawInnovationThomas MalthusGround RentJames MillNassau Seniorstationary economyBanking SchoolConvertibilityCurrency SchoolForced SavingGold StandardMonetary PolicyComparative AdvantageFree TradeEffective DemandJohn Maynard KeynesAuguste ComteJohn Stuart MillThomas TookeTime PreferenceAbstinence Theorycooperativessurplus valueBusiness Cycle Theoryclass strugglePositivismUnderconsumptionImmanuel KantJohann Heinrich von ThunenJohann Karl RodbertusGeorg Wilhelm Friedrich HegelnationalismFriedrich ListBruno HildebrandKarl KniesWilhelm RoscherKathedersozialismusSozialpolitikCarl MengerLujo BrentanoVerstehenBureaucracyIdeal TypeValue JudgmentsAdolf WagnerCollective BargainingFerdinand LassalleIron Law of WagesJoseph SchumpeterArthur SpiethoffCartelsFranz OppenheimerFriedrich EngelsKarl MarxLorenz von SteindeterminismRudolf HilferdingOverproductionideologyproletariatJoseph StalinKarl KautskySyndicalismOtto BauerRosa LuxemburgVladimir LeninLeon WalrasOpportunity CostWilliam Stanley JevonsHerbert SpencerWalter BagehotExternalitiesFrank KnightIndifference CurvesVilfredo ParetoZurechnungCapital TheoryKnut WicksellNatural Rate of InterestRoundabout ProductionStabilizationSubsistence FundIrving FisherProfit and LossJohn Bates ClarkBimetallismDiscount RateLudwig von MisesPurchasing PowerThorstein VeblenDemocracydialectical materialismgeopoliticsTotalitarianismGustav CasselNationalizationGeorg Friedrich KnappOskar MorgensternEmil LedererCorporatismAdolf HitlerBenito MussoliniOrdoliberalismWalter EuckenSocial DemocracyGreat DepressionmacroeconomicsmicroeconomicsCatallacticsFritz MachlupHans MayerLausanne SchoolLionel RobbinsMilton FriedmanOskar LangePraxeologyNew DealJacques RueffNicholas KaldorLiquiditySavingJoan RobinsonUnemploymentOligopolyMonopolistic CompetitionRobert TriffinJohn Kenneth GalbraithPlanned EconomySocialismJohn HicksNeutral MoneyAcceleration PrincipleCapital StructureRicardo EffectArthur Cecil PigouGottfried HaberlerGunnar MyrdalMonetary EquilibriumMultiplierAlvin HansenJan TinbergenJacob VinerTerms of TradeBretton WoodsInternational Monetary FundSpecial Drawing RightsNational IncomePaul SamuelsonexpectationsNeoclassical EconomicsEdmund BurkeFrederic BastiatimperialismHermann Heinrich GossenWilhelm RopkeInvestmentEconomic CalculationInternational LiquiditySocial Policy

Table of Contents · 219 segments

1
Front Matter and Publication Detailsfront_matter
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2
Table of Contents: Book One and Book Two (Part III-V)table_of_contents
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3
Table of Contents: Book Two (Part VI) and Book Threetable_of_contents
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4
Table of Contents: International Relations to Notestheoretical
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5
Publisher's Prefaceessay
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6
Author's Prefaceessay
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7
Biographical Introductionessay
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8
Overview: A Summary of A History of Economic Reasoningtheoretical
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9
Book One: The Development of Economics into an Independent Disciplinechapter
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10
Thomistic Economics: The Logical Backgroundchapter
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11
The Thomistic Conception of Social Collectivities and Lawchapter
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12
The Conception of Private Property and Valuechapter
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13
The Doctrine of the Just Price and Just Wagechapter
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14
Unlawful Profit and the Prohibition of Usurychapter
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15
The Disintegration of Thomistic Reasoning: The Impact of Nominalismchapter
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16
Changes in Economic Institutions and the Rise of Early Capitalismchapter
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17
The School of Salamanca and the Jesuit Scholasticschapter
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18
The Transition Period: Changing and Conflicting Patterns of Thoughtchapter
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19
The Emergence of Political Philosophy and Social Contract Theorytheoretical
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20
The Intellectual Roots of Mercantilism and Regional Variationstheoretical
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21
The 'Spirit of Capitalism' and Religious Influencestheoretical
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22
Early Mercantilist Economic Views and Monetary Theorytheoretical
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23
The Balance of Trade and the Equilibrium Concepttheoretical
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25
The Evolution of Price, Profit, and the Usury Controversytheoretical
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26
Chapter 4: Baconian Mercantilism - The Territorial Distribution of Divergent Patterns of Thoughtchapter
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27
The Concept of Natural Law and the Utilitarian Approach to Social Problemstheoretical
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28
Emergence of the Empirical Approach to Economicstheoretical
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29
Theories of Value, Price, Money, and Interest on Capitaltheoretical
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30
The Problem of Fiduciary Money and John Lawtheoretical
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31
The Problem of Productive Employment and the Balance of Industrytheoretical
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33
Chapter 5: Refined Mercantilism - The Problem of Self-Regulating Forceschapter
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34
Cantillon's Monetary and Distributional Analysistheoretical
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35
David Hume's Mechanistic Economic Philosophytheoretical
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36
The Last Champions of Mercantilism: Tucker and Steuarttheoretical
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37
Italian Mercantilists and Utilitarianismtheoretical
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38
Chapter 6: Cameralist Economics - Intellectual Backgroundchapter
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39
Cameralism as an Administrative and Academic Disciplinetheoretical
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40
Chapter 7: Cartesian Economics - The Reaction to Colbertism in Francechapter
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41
Conflicting Social Philosophies in Francetheoretical
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42
The Philosophical Background of Quesnay's Theoriestheoretical
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43
The Tableau Économiquetheoretical
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44
The Socioeconomic Doctrine of the Physiocratstheoretical
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45
The Disintegration of the Physiocratic Doctrinetheoretical
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Chapter 8: The Concept of Subjective Value - Galiani's Theory of Moneychapter
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47
Other Adherents of the Theory of Subjective Valuetheoretical
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Chapter 9: The First Version of the Utilitarian Economic Doctrinechapter
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49
Economics as an Independent Discipline: Adam Smith and the Wealth of Nationschapter
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50
Book Two: Conflicting Economic Doctrines, 1800-1918chapter
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51
Chapter 10: The Principles of Benthamite Economicschapter
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52
Ricardian Economics: The Concept of Exchange Valuechapter
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53
The Ricardian Economic System and the Law of Marketstheoretical
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54
Disturbing Factors: Technological Change and Populationtheoretical
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55
The Laws of Distribution: Wages, Rent, and Profittheoretical
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56
The Role of Money and Credittheoretical
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The Theory of International Tradetheoretical
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Chapter 12: Early Discussions of Ricardian Economics - Short-Run Problemschapter
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59
The Defense and Popularization of Ricardian Doctrinetheoretical
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Methodological Issues: The Isolation of Economic Analysistheoretical
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61
J. S. Mill's Logical Framework and the 'Economic Man'theoretical
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Competition, Monopoly, and the Laws of Distributiontheoretical
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Utilitarian and Empirical Criticisms of Ricardianismtheoretical
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64
Challenges to the Labor Theory of Valuetheoretical
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65
The Ricardian Socialists and Robert Owentheoretical
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N. W. Senior's Modifications: Abstinence and Scarcitytheoretical
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67
J. S. Mill's Principles of Political Economytheoretical
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Post-Ricardian Developments and Mathematical Beginningstheoretical
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69
The Currency Controversy and the Bank Charter Acttheoretical
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70
Analysis of Commercial Crises and Business Cyclestheoretical
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71
French and Italian Versions of Liberal Economicschapter
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72
Credit, Business Cycles, and Social Harmony in French Thoughttheoretical
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73
Italian Economic Thought and the Influence of Francesco Ferraratheoretical
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74
The Rise of Mathematical Economics: Cournot, Dupuit, and Walrastheoretical
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Positivism and the French Socialist Traditiontheoretical
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76
The German Version of Smithian Economics and Cameralist Traditionstheoretical
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Thünen, Rodbertus, and the Foundations of Marginal Productivitytheoretical
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American Economic Thought: Protectionism, Carey, and Henry Georgetheoretical
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Chapter 14: The German Historical Schools - German 'Idealistic' Philosophieschapter
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80
The Emergence of Historism and Friedrich Listchapter
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The Founders of the Historical School: Roscher, Hildebrand, and Knieschapter
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The Program of the Historicoethical Schoolchapter
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Methodological Issues: The Methodenstreit and International Influencechapter
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84
Chapter 15: Versions of the Organismic Approach - Conflicting Trendschapter
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The Concept of Economic Spirits and Werner Sombarttheoretical
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86
Max Weber's Verstehende Soziologie and the Ideal Typetheoretical
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The Struggle for a 'Value-Free' Sciencetheoretical
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Discussion of Economic Theorems: Value, Money, and Distributiontheoretical
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Wage Problems and the Organismic Version of Socialismtheoretical
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Special Problems: Cartels, International Trade, and Business Cyclestheoretical
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The Theory of Location and the State Theory of Moneytheoretical
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Liberal Socialists and Neoscholastic Economicstheoretical
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The Marxian Doctrine: Philosophical Backgroundchapter
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The Materialistic Interpretation of Historychapter
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The Dialectic Conception of the Capitalist Economychapter
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The Breakdown Theory and Business Cycleschapter
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The Class Struggle and Ideologychapter
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Chapter 17: Versions of Marxism - The Revisionist Movementchapter
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Orthodox Marxism and the Theory of Imperialismtheoretical
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The Bolshevist Version of Marxismtheoretical
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101
Part VI: Marginal Economics - Chapter 18: The Emergence of Schools of Marginal Utilitychapter
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102
Post-Ricardian Economics: The Intellectual Climate of the Victorian Agechapter
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103
The Methodology of Marshallian Economicstheoretical
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104
Welfare Economics and the Theory of Imperialismtheoretical
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105
The Elaboration of Marginal Utility Economics: The Development of Mathematical Versionschapter
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106
General Problems of Psychological Marginalismtheoretical
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107
The Rate of Interest as a Strategic Factortheoretical
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108
Chapter 21: Problems of Marginal Analysis - Theories of Distributionchapter
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109
Interest and Profit Theoriestheoretical
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110
Rent and Wages in Marginal Analysistheoretical
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111
Monetary Problems and the Gold Standardtheoretical
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112
The Quantity Theory of Money and the Cash Balance Approachtheoretical
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113
The Problem of Business Fluctuationstheoretical
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114
Chapter 22: The American Approach to Marginalismchapter
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Chapter 23: Conflicting Trends - Pragmatic and Institutionalist Economicschapter
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Critical Discussions of Marginal Utility Analysistheoretical
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Book Three: Developments after the First World War - Part VII: Organismic Economicschapter
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Chapter 24: The Decline of the Historical School - Conflicting Trendschapter
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Methodological Controversies: Value, Money, and Business Cyclestheoretical
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120
Business Cycle Research and Structural Analysistheoretical
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121
Methodological Problems of Historism and Organismic Planningtheoretical
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Chapter 25: Totalitarian Economics - Fascist and National-Socialist Systemschapter
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Part VIII: Dialectic Economics - Chapter 26: Dialectic Reasoning in Western Europechapter
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Chapter 27: Bolshevist Economics - Discussions of the Transition Periodchapter
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The Theoretical Background of the Five-Year Planstheoretical
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Methodological Issues: General Observationschapter
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127
Methodological Problems of Marginalismtheoretical
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128
Institutionalist Discussionstheoretical
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129
Methodological Discussions of French Economiststheoretical
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Chapter 29: Further Discussion of Older Problems: Production and Distributionchapter
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131
Monetary and Nonmonetary Theories of Interesttheoretical
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132
Theories of Profit and Renttheoretical
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133
Wage Theory and Collective Bargainingtheoretical
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134
Monopoly, Duopoly, and Oligopoly Analysistheoretical
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135
Monopolistic and Imperfect Competitiontheoretical
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136
The Social and Political Impact of Industrial Concentrationtheoretical
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137
Chapter 30: Further Discussion of Older Problems: Planning and Welfarechapter
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Chapter 31: Discussions about Money and Monetary Reformchapter
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Chapter 32: Discussions about the Business Cycle - General Observationschapter
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Monetary and Double-System Business Cycle Theoriestheoretical
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141
Simple Monetary Theories: Hahn, Hawtrey, and Keynestheoretical
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Monetary Double-System Theories: The Austrian Schooltheoretical
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143
Nonmonetary Theories: Underconsumption, Industrial Fluctuations, and Innovationtheoretical
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144
Synthesis of Cycle Theories and Depression Policiestheoretical
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Chapter 33: Discussions of the Stockholm Schoolchapter
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146
The Evolution of Swedish Process Analysistheoretical
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147
Chapter 34: Keynes's Theory of Employment, Interest, and Moneychapter
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Interpretations of the Keynesian Theorychapter
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149
The Stagnation Theoremtheoretical
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150
Summary and Evaluation of the Keynesian Eratheoretical
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151
Chapter 36: Methodological Discussions of Dynamic Analysischapter
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152
The Dynamic Elements of Post-Keynesian Economicstheoretical
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Chapter 37: Dynamic Modelschapter
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154
International Trade Theory: From Ricardo to the Interwar Periodchapter
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155
The Marginalist Revolution in Trade: Haberler, Heckscher, and Ohlintheoretical
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156
Capital Transfer, The Multiplier, and Keynesian Trade Theorytheoretical
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157
Trade Policy Patterns: Multilateralism, Protectionism, and State Planningtheoretical
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158
Appendix A: The Theory of Locationtheoretical
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Appendix B: International Monetary Relations After the Second World Wartheoretical
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Economic Growth of Industrialized Countrieschapter
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161
Theories of Economic Sectors and Development Stagestheoretical
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162
Economic Growth of Underdeveloped Countriestheoretical
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163
Econometric Problems and Business Cycle Analysischapter
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164
Input-Output Analysis and Linear Programmingtheoretical
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165
Chapter 41: Theory of Decision Making - The Theory of Choicechapter
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166
The Theory of Gamestheoretical
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167
Concluding Observations: The Evolution of Economic Thoughtchapter
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168
Appendix A: Prolegomena to a History of Economic Reasoning - Introductiontheoretical
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169
Baconian and Cartesian Economicstheoretical
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Benthamite Economicstheoretical
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Intuitional Economicstheoretical
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Dialectic Economicstheoretical
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Refinement of Hypothetical Reasoning: Marginal Utilitytheoretical
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Modified Ricardian Economics and American Institutionalismtheoretical
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175
Varying Aspects of the Equilibrium Concept and Business Cycle Theorytheoretical
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Appendix B: Patterns of Economic Reasoning - The Concept of Economic Equilibriumtheoretical
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The Maximization Principle, Time, Freedom, and Lawtheoretical
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Appendix C: Further Metaeconomic Concepts - Rationality and Systemtheoretical
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179
Development, Evolution, Class, and Valuetheoretical
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180
Notes to Book I, Chapter 1footnotes
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Notes to Book I, Chapter 2footnotes
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Notes to Book I, Chapter 3footnotes
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Notes to Book I, Chapter 4footnotes
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Notes to Book I, Chapter 5footnotes
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Notes to Chapters 6 and 7footnotes
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Notes to Chapters 8 and 9footnotes
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Notes to Chapters 10 and 11footnotes
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Notes to Chapter 12footnotes
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Chapter 13 Footnotes: French, Italian, and German Economic Thoughtfootnotes
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Chapter 14 Footnotes: The German Historical Schools and Historismfootnotes
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Chapter 15 Footnotes: Twentieth Century German Economics and Methodologyfootnotes
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Chapter 16 Footnotes: Marxism and Dialectic Materialismfootnotes
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Chapter 17 Footnotes: Revisionism, Imperialism, and Soviet Thoughtfootnotes
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Chapter 18 Footnotes: The Rise of Marginal Utility and Equilibrium Theoryfootnotes
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195
Notes to Chapter 19: The Development of English Economic Thoughtfootnotes
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196
Notes to Chapter 20: The Mathematical and Austrian Schoolsfootnotes
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197
Notes to Chapter 21: Distribution, Money, and Business Cyclesfootnotes
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198
Notes to Chapter 22: John Bates Clark and Static Equilibriumfootnotes
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199
Notes to Chapter 23: Institutionalism and the Critique of Marginalismfootnotes
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200
Notes to Chapter 24: German Economic Thought and Business Cycle Researchfootnotes
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201
Notes to Chapter 25: Fascist and National-Socialist Economicsfootnotes
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202
Notes to Chapter 26: Marxist and Socialist Critiquesfootnotes
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203
Notes to Chapter 27: Soviet Economic Thought and Planningfootnotes
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204
Notes to Chapter 28: Methodology and the Evolution of Economic Sciencefootnotes
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205
Notes to Distribution and Capital Theoryfootnotes
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206
Notes and References for Chapters 29 and 30footnotes
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207
Notes and References for Chapters 30 (Continued) and 31footnotes
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208
Notes and References for Chapters 32 and 33footnotes
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209
Notes and References for Chapter 34: The Keynesian Revolutionfootnotes
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Notes to Chapter 35: The Keynesian Revolution and Its Criticsfootnotes
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211
Notes to Chapter 35 (Continued) and Chapter 36: Static and Dynamic Analysisfootnotes
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212
Notes to Chapter 37: Dynamic Models of Growth and Cyclesfootnotes
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213
Notes to Chapter 38: The Theory of International Tradefootnotes
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214
Notes to Chapter 39: The Theory of Economic Progress and Developmentfootnotes
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215
Notes to Chapter 40footnotes
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216
Notes to Chapter 41footnotes
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217
Notes to Appendix Afootnotes
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218
Appendices and Bibliography of Karl Pribrambibliography
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219
Further Works on Groundrent, Social Policy, and Labor Problemsbibliography
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220
Works on Housing, Urban Development, and Statisticsbibliography
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221
Index: A to Lbibliography
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