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Cyclical Fluctuations in the Exports of the United States since 1879
1967
by
Mintz
Business Cycles
Geopolitics
Milton Friedman
Price Theory
Balance of Payments
International Trade
Oskar Morgenstern
Acceleration Principle
Fritz Machlup
Joseph Schumpeter
International Monetary Fund
Jacob Viner
Comparative Advantage
Innovation
Gottfried Haberler
Terms of Trade
Great Depression
Monopolistic Competition
Supply and Demand
Elasticity of Demand
Purchasing Power
Exchange Rates
Table of Contents · 92 segments
1
Front Matter: Title Page, Series List, and Publication Data
essay
2
National Bureau Publication Governance Resolution
essay
3
National Bureau Officers, Directors, and Senior Research Staff, 1967
essay
4
Contents, Tables, and Charts
essay
5
Acknowledgments
essay
6
Preface
essay
7
Chapter 1 Introduction: Traditional versus Expansionist Views
chapter
8
Foreign Business Cycles and the Relation Between Exports and Domestic Cycles
chapter
9
The Impact of Exports on Domestic Business Cycles
theoretical
10
The Traditional View: Conceptual Foundations, Literature, and Policy Commentary
theoretical
11
Empirical Studies of the Traditional View and the Opening of the Expansionist Critique
essay
12
Validity of Traditional and Expansionist Views
theoretical
13
Long-Run Expansionist View and Plan of Study
theoretical
14
Data and Methods: Source and Nature of U.S. Export Data
chapter
15
Data and Methods: Quality of U.S. Export Data
chapter
16
World Imports as an Indicator of Foreign Demand
chapter
17
Relation of World Import Cycles to U.S. Business Cycles
chapter
18
Trends in the Ratio of U.S. Exports to World Imports
chapter
19
The Method: Burns-Mitchell Technique and Rank Correlations
theoretical
20
The Method: Matching Quantities and Prices
theoretical
21
Charts 2–18: U.S. Export Values, Quantities, Prices, and World Imports
chapter
22
Instability of U.S. Exports: Comparison of Prices, Quantities, and Values
chapter
23
General Views on Export Instability
chapter
24
Instability of Manufactures and Primary Goods Exports: Mintz's Findings
chapter
25
Instability of Manufactures and Primary Goods Exports: Findings of Other Researchers
chapter
26
Instability of Total Exports: Mintz's Findings
chapter
27
Instability of Total Exports: Other Findings and the Rise in Export Instability
chapter
28
Summary of Findings on Export Instability and Transition to World Imports
chapter
29
Export Quantities
chapter
30
Export Prices and Values
chapter
31
Summary: U.S. Exports and World Import Cycles
chapter
32
When and Why Exports Reverse Their Course: Problem and Method
chapter
33
Foreign Demand as Cause of Export Turns: Association with World Import Turns
chapter
34
Leads and Lags of U.S. Exports at World Cycle Turns
chapter
35
Secular Trends as Cause of Timing Differences by Commodity Class
chapter
36
Conclusion on Export Timing and the Marginal Supplier View
chapter
37
Domestic Business Cycles as Cause of Export Turns
chapter
38
Failure of DBC Turns to Bring About MEQ Turns
chapter
39
Crude Materials Export Turns, Domestic Business Cycles, and Cotton Crop Effects, 1879–1913
chapter
40
Diminishing Impact of Domestic Business Cycles on Crude Materials Export Turns After World War I
chapter
41
Semimanufactures Export Turns and Postwar Summary of the Inverse DBC Effect
chapter
42
Note on Semimanufactures Export Turns in 1960–61
chapter
43
Relation Between Food Export Turns and Domestic Business Cycle Turns, 1879–1913
chapter
44
Relation Between Food Export Turns and Domestic Business Cycle Turns, 1920–63
chapter
45
Explanation of Timing of Turns in Total Exports, 1879–1913
chapter
46
Explanation of Timing of Turns in Total Exports, 1920–63
chapter
47
The Effect of U.S. Business Cycles on the Quantity of U.S. Exports: Chapter Introduction
chapter
48
Measuring the Relation of U.S. Export Quantities to U.S. Business Cycles: Export Quantities Rising More in Expansions, 1921–61
chapter
49
Export Quantities Rising More in Business Contractions than in Expansions, 1879–1913
chapter
50
Severity of U.S. Business Cycles and Export Changes: Amplitude Correlations, 1879–1961
chapter
51
World Import Cycles and the Export-Quantity Question
chapter
52
Conformity and Partial-Correlation Evidence on World Imports and U.S. Exports
chapter
53
Inferring Domestic-Cycle Effects from Export Price and Quantity Movements
chapter
54
Rates of Change and the Manufactures-Export Puzzle
chapter
55
Expansionist Explanation and Data-Quality Tests for Manufactures Exports
chapter
56
Statistical Technique as a Possible Explanation of the MEQ–DBC Relation
chapter
57
World Imports of Manufactures and Foreign-Demand Measurement
chapter
58
Conclusions on Finished Manufactures Exports
chapter
59
Summary of Findings on Export Quantities: Opening Claims
chapter
60
Footnote 24 on Long-Run Price Elasticity of Manufactures Exports
footnotes
61
Summary of Findings on Export Quantities: Period Contrasts and Composition Effects
chapter
62
Conclusion of Export Quantity Findings and Opening of Chapter 7
chapter
63
Domestic and Foreign Influences on Export Prices
chapter
64
Close Agreement Between Movements of Total Export Prices and Domestic Business, 1921–61
chapter
65
Confirmation of Preceding Findings by Amplitude Correlations
chapter
66
Export Prices About as Closely Related to World Import Cycles as to U.S. Business Cycles, 1921–61
chapter
67
Lags of Export Prices at U.S. Business Cycle Turning Points, 1879–1913
chapter
68
Common Features in Behavior of U.S. Export Prices in Domestic Business Cycles Before and After World War I
chapter
69
Values of U.S. Total Foreign and Domestic Sales Move Together, 1921–61
chapter
70
Cycles in Total Export Value Traced Back to Cycles in Total Quantity and Total Price, 1921–61
chapter
71
Cycles in Total Export Value Traced Back to Cycles in Commodity Classes, 1921–61
chapter
72
Cycles in the Values of Export Commodity Classes Traced Back to Class Quantities and Prices, 1921–61
chapter
73
Value of U.S. Exports in Expansions and Contractions, 1879–1913
chapter
74
Cycles in Total Export Value Traced Back to Cycles in Total Quantity and Total Price, 1879–1913
chapter
75
Cycles in Total Export Value Traced Back to Cycles in the Values of Commodity Classes, 1879–1913
chapter
76
Cycles in the Values of Commodity Classes Traced Back to Class Quantities and Prices, 1879–1913
chapter
77
Summary and Opening of Appendix A
chapter
78
Appendix A: Sources for the Export Data
bibliography
79
Appendix A: Notes on the Source Series
essay
80
Our Adjustments of the Source Series
chapter
81
Appendix A: Data Construction and Seasonal Adjustment Notes
chapter
82
Table A-1: U.S. Export Values, Quarterly at Annual Rates, 1879-1963
chapter
83
Table A-2: U.S. Export Quantity Indexes, 1879-1963
chapter
84
Table A-3: U.S. Export Price Indexes, 1879-1963
chapter
85
Appendix B: Commodity Composition of U.S. Exports
chapter
86
Appendix C: The World Import Data
chapter
87
Appendix C: World Import Data Sources, Interpolators, and Seasonal Adjustment
chapter
88
Table C-1: World Imports Excluding U.S. Imports, Quarterly at Annual Rates, 1880-1965
chapter
89
Appendix D: The Method
theoretical
90
Author Index
bibliography
91
Subject Index
bibliography
92
Library Due Date and Catalog Card
bibliography