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Technischer Fortschritt und Arbeitslosigkeit. Eine Untersuchung der Hindernisse des ökonomischen Wachstums
1938
by
Lederer
Emil Lederer
Economic History
Unemployment
Werner Sombart
Economic Development
Innovation
Capital Theory
Industrial Revolution
Infrastructure
Karl Marx
Labor Market
Wages
Autarky
Business Cycles
Capital Accumulation
Deflation
Elasticity of Demand
Planned Economy
Rationalization
Great Depression
Alfred Marshall
Arthur Cecil Pigou
Diminishing Returns
John Hicks
Neoclassical Economics
Division of Labor
Equilibrium
Factors of Production
Stationary Economy
Entrepreneurship
Gold Standard
Investment
Rationality
Commodity Money
Price Stability
Profit and Loss
Monetary Theory
Productivity
Business Cycle Theory
Protectionism
Accounting
Liquidity
Price Theory
Competition
Monopoly
John Bates Clark
Marginal Utility
Fixed Capital
Purchasing Power
Collective Bargaining
Trade Unions
Income Distribution
Cartels
Credit Expansion
Money Supply
Velocity of Circulation
Joseph Schumpeter
Lionel Robbins
Capital Goods
Production Costs
Capital Movements
Capital Structure
Depreciation
International Trade
Raw Materials
Capital Intensity
Classical Economics
David Ricardo
Eugen von Bohm-Bawerk
Knut Wicksell
Marxism
Roundabout Production
Neutral Money
Interest Rates
Hoarding
Banknotes
Money Market
Banking
Boom and Bust
Inflation
Standard of Living
John Stuart Mill
Table of Contents · 62 segments
1
Front Matter and Imprint
essay
2
Biographical Note on Emil Lederer
essay
3
Author’s Preface
essay
4
Summary: Economic Growth before the War
theoretical
5
Summary: Changes since 1914
theoretical
6
Technical Progress, Compensation, and Policy Responses
chapter
7
The Concept and Measurement of Technological Unemployment
chapter
8
Increasing and Diminishing Returns in Firms and the Economy
chapter
9
Opening of Chapter IV: Equilibrium in the Labor Market
chapter
10
Static Equilibrium as the Axis of the Static System
theoretical
11
Equilibrium Does Not Necessarily Use All Factors
theoretical
12
Labor Inclusion, Subsistence, and Static Unemployment
theoretical
13
Static Equilibrium, Dynamic Systems, and the Limits of Wage Adjustment
theoretical
14
Dynamic Factors in the Labor Market
theoretical
15
Harmonious Dynamic Growth
theoretical
16
Technical Progress in the Dynamic System
theoretical
17
Growth as the Basic Concept of a Dynamic System
theoretical
18
Reserves as a Necessary Condition of a Dynamic System
theoretical
19
Absorbing unemployment in a dynamic system: analytical framework
chapter
20
Diminishing returns under free competition: rising costs and wage pressure
theoretical
21
Changing capital-labor ratios and lower organic composition
theoretical
22
Industry-wide labor absorption, demand elasticity, and wage cuts
theoretical
23
Labor monopoly, capacity limits, and special labor-intensive cases
theoretical
24
Capital-intensive versus labor-intensive firms under wage reduction
theoretical
25
Income distribution, investment, construction, and consumer psychology under wage cuts
theoretical
26
Personal services, trade, short-time work, and the summary of diminishing returns
theoretical
27
Diminishing returns under monopolies and cartels
theoretical
28
Increasing returns under free competition: capacity reserves and optimal output
theoretical
29
Monetary adjustment and real wages under increasing returns
theoretical
30
Falling costs and monopoly
theoretical
31
Endnotes to Chapter III and opening heading of Chapter V
footnotes
32
Inventions as Expansion of the Overall Economic Process
theoretical
33
Cost-Modifying Technical Changes, Labor Savings, and Capital Savings
theoretical
34
Technical Improvements Without Investment: Whole-Industry Effects and Demand Elasticity
theoretical
35
Partial Technical Improvements at Unit Demand Elasticity
theoretical
36
Investment-Requiring Technical Improvements and Medium-Term Labor Release
theoretical
37
Critique of the Compensation Theory of Technological Unemployment
theoretical
38
Capital Intensity, Roundabout Production, and Organic Composition
theoretical
39
The Effects of Labor Release Under Capital Deepening
theoretical
40
Principle of a Balanced Dynamic Capitalist System
theoretical
41
The Monetary Aspect of Balanced Dynamic Growth
theoretical
42
A Dynamic Schema for Labor-Saving Technical Progress
theoretical
43
A Capital-Intensive Innovation in Part of Coal Mining
theoretical
44
Effects of Mining Innovation on Other Industries
theoretical
45
Overall Effects of Labor-Saving Progress at Constant Output
theoretical
46
Rising Output, Price Adjustment, and Capital Destruction
theoretical
47
Compensation Process: General Possibilities and Profit Consumption
theoretical
48
Compensation Through Freed Operating Capital and Extra-Profit Investment
theoretical
49
Compensation Through Price Reductions: Zero and Unit Elasticity
theoretical
50
Price Reductions With High or Low Elasticity and the Class Incidence of Cheaper Goods
theoretical
51
Compensation Through Wage Reduction: Unemployment and Marginal Productivity
theoretical
52
Lower Wages, Higher Profits, and the Total Wage Bill
theoretical
53
Wage Cuts, Price Cuts, Profits, and the Vicious Circle of Underinvestment
theoretical
54
Increasing Returns, Labor-Demand Elasticity, and the Douglas Formula
theoretical
55
Preventive Wage Reduction, Rationalization, and Chapter Conclusion
theoretical
56
Endnotes to the Wage-Reduction and Compensation Chapter
footnotes
57
The Elasticity of Modern Money Systems and Its Significance
chapter
58
Endnotes to the Chapter on Monetary Elasticity
footnotes
59
Technical Progress in the Business Cycle
chapter
60
Endnotes and Data Table for Technical Progress in the Business Cycle
footnotes
61
Capital-Saving Technical Progress, Over-Saving, and Public Works
chapter
62
Endnotes to the Chapter on Capital-Saving Technical Progress
footnotes