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Der natürliche Werth

1889

by Wieser

Knowledge EconomicsFriedrich von WieserAdam SmithAustrian SchoolCarl MengerClassical EconomicsDavid RicardoExchange ValueGround RentHermann Heinrich GossenInterest RatesLabor Theory of ValueLeon WalrasMarginal UtilityProduction CostsScarcityUse ValueUtilityValuationWilliam Stanley JevonsCapitalismPrice TheoryComplementary GoodsZurechnungDiscount RateFixed CapitalPublic FinanceMarginal CostMethodologySubjective ValueMarginalismEmil SaxCapital ConsumptionTime PreferenceEconomic GoodsSocialismEconomic CalculationEugen von Bohm-BawerkPlanned EconomyIncome DistributionPurchasing PowerCompetitionEntrepreneurshipInterventionismObjective ValuePovertyProperty RightsAccountingKarl MarxSupply and DemandJohann Karl RodbertusJohann Heinrich von ThunenEffective DemandAgricultureIndustrial RevolutionFactors of ProductionRaw MaterialsMonopolyCapital GoodsEconomic HistoryInnovationDepreciationInsuranceUncertaintyInterest TheorySlaveryAbstinence TheoryFerdinand LassalleOpportunity CostInternational TradeCommunismIron Law of WagesLabor MarketWagesCapital TheorySubsistence FundPolitical EconomyRoundabout ProductionBureaucracyFree TradeFriedrich ListProtectionismPublic GoodsTaxationAlbert SchaffleProgressive TaxationLaissez-faireEmpiricismIndividualism

Table of Contents · 98 segments

1
Google Books English Public Domain Noticeessay
2
Google Books German Public Domain Noticeessay
3
Library Marks, Title Page, and Publication Dataessay
4
Preface: Program for a New Theory of Valuetheoretical
5
Opening of the Table of Contentschapter
6
Contents: Elementary Theory of Valuechapter
7
Contents: Exchange Value and Natural Valuechapter
8
Contents: Natural Imputation of Productive Yieldchapter
9
Contents: Natural Value of Land, Capital, and Laborchapter
10
Contents: Natural Cost Value of Productschapter
11
Contents: Value in the State Economy and Opening of Part Ichapter
12
Elementary Theory of Value: §1 The Origin of Valuetheoretical
13
§2 The Value of Need-Satisfactionstheoretical
14
§3 Gossen’s Law of Satiation of Needstheoretical
15
§4 The Satiation Scalestheoretical
16
Saturation, Actual Utility, and the Divergence of Value from Usefulnesstheoretical
17
Marginal Utility and Economic Allocationtheoretical
18
Future Need Satisfactions, Foresight, and the Opening of Goods Valuetheoretical
19
Goods Value: Forms of Interest and the Role of Scarcitytheoretical
20
Scarcity, Free Goods, and the Origin of Goods-Valuetheoretical
21
The Valuation of a Single Goodtheoretical
22
Valuation of Goods in Stocks and the Law of Marginal Utilitytheoretical
23
Beginning of the Value Paradox and Continuation of the Marginal-Value Footnotetheoretical
24
Value Series, Abundance, and the Positive and Negative Elements of Valuetheoretical
25
The Value Antinomy and Value as the Calculating Form of Utilitytheoretical
26
Value as an Instrument of Economic Calculationtheoretical
27
Exchange Value and Natural Value: The Pricetheoretical
28
Subjective Exchange Valuetheoretical
29
Subjective Exchange Value, Money, and Replacement Valuationtheoretical
30
Objective Exchange Value as Verkehrswerththeoretical
31
The Antinomy of Verkehrswerth and the History of Value Theorytheoretical
32
Continuation of the Antinomy of Exchange Valuetheoretical
33
The Service of Exchange Value in the National Economytheoretical
34
Natural Valuetheoretical
35
Natural Value as a Neutral Instrument for Existing and Socialist Economiestheoretical
36
The Socialist Theory of Value and Wieser’s Critiquetheoretical
37
Transition to the Natural Imputation of Productive Yieldchapter
38
Yield Value and the Problem of Productive Imputationtheoretical
39
The Socialist Interpretation and the Claim to the Full Product of Labortheoretical
40
Earlier Solutions and the Principle of Productive Contributiontheoretical
41
Contribution versus Cooperation in Imputationtheoretical
42
The Economic Function and Limits of Imputationtheoretical
43
Imputation and the Marginal Lawtheoretical
44
The Stock of Productive Goods as a Motive of Imputationtheoretical
45
Need, Effective Demand, and Complementary Goodstheoretical
46
Technology and Changes in Productive Contributionstheoretical
47
Imputation for Cost Goods and Monopoly Goodstheoretical
48
Imputation for Production Factors of Superior Qualitytheoretical
49
Natural Ground Rent: Ricardian Differential Rent from Superior Landtheoretical
50
Ricardian Differential Rent from Superior Soil Powers and Intensity Renttheoretical
51
Critique of Ricardo’s Differential Rent Theory and General Ground Renttheoretical
52
Part III: The Natural Return on Capital—Productivity, Imputation, and Primitive versus Developed Economieschapter
53
Physical Productivity of Capital and Net-Return Imputation (continued)theoretical
54
Natural Value of Land, Capital, and Labor: Introductionchapter
55
Capital Value and Capital Interest: Discountingtheoretical
56
Capital Interest and the Temporal Valuation of Productive Goodstheoretical
57
The Interest Rate as the General Percentage Increment of Capitaltheoretical
58
The Law of Unified Interest-Rate Calculationtheoretical
59
Changes in the Interest Ratetheoretical
60
Valuation of Fixed Capitaltheoretical
61
Capitalization, Amortization, Consumption-Loan Interest, and Housing Renttheoretical
62
The Value of Landtheoretical
63
The Value of Labortheoretical
64
Labor Value, Socialist Labor-Time Valuation, and Economic Usetheoretical
65
The Value of Productive Goods in Competition between Present and Future Intereststheoretical
66
Natural Cost Value of Products: The Cost Lawtheoretical
67
The Concept of Costs: Openingtheoretical
68
The Concept of Costs (Continuation)theoretical
69
Derivation of the Cost Law and Opening Conditionstheoretical
70
Conditions for the Cost Law: Capital, Reproduction, and Stockstheoretical
71
Limits of the Cost Law under Perfect Foresighttheoretical
72
The Decisive Measure of Coststheoretical
73
Cost Law and the General Law of Valuetheoretical
74
The Alleged Production Costs of Labortheoretical
75
Labor, Utility, and the Limits of Economic Explanationtheoretical
76
The Individual Cost Elementschapter
77
§56 Individual Cost Elements: Preliminary Remarkstheoretical
78
§57 Labor as a Cost Good and the Labor-Theory Premisetheoretical
79
Conditional Validity and Empirical Failure of the Labor Theorytheoretical
80
Why Labor Cannot Be Valued by Utility and Sacrifice at Oncetheoretical
81
Indirect Economic Role of Labor Hardshiptheoretical
82
Labor as Burden, Labor Supply, and Critique of Saxtheoretical
83
Capital as a Cost Element and the Failure of Materialized Labor Theorytheoretical
84
Capital Interest as Natural Cost and Transition to Ground Renttheoretical
85
Ground Rent, Differential Rent, and Coststheoretical
86
The Function of Private-Economic Value in the National Economytheoretical
87
Part II: Value in the State Economy, Introductionchapter
88
Exchange Value, German Critiques, and Sax’s Theoretical State Economytheoretical
89
The Tasks of the State Economytheoretical
90
Transition to State-Economic Valuationtheoretical
91
Value in the Natural State Economytheoretical
92
Value in the Empirical State Economytheoretical
93
Taxation, Individual Value, and Justice in Public Financetheoretical
94
Section 66: The Fundamental Law of Collective Valuationtheoretical
95
Conclusion: Empirical Method and the Fiction of Natural Valuetheoretical
96
Methodological Defense of the Fiction of Communist Societytheoretical
97
Correction on Productive Imputation, Monopoly Goods, and Cost Goodsfootnotes
98
Printer Imprint and Library Circulation Marksbibliography