Eugen Peter Schwiedland · 1921
Schwiedland’s German review presents public ownership as a means of removing the commercial incentive to encourage excessive drinking. He explains the English Labour Party’s programme of monopolizing alcohol production, trade, and retail sale through its connection to wartime administrative reform.
Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, knüpft sie an die Kriegsgesetzgebung an, die im Central Control Board (Liquor Traffic Act vom Mai 1915) eine besondere Körperschaft zur Einschränkung des Alkoholkonsums und zur Durchführung einer Gasthausreform ermächtigt hat.
English translation: In order to attain this aim, it ties in with the war legislation which, in the Central Control Board (Liquor Traffic Act of May 1915), empowered a special body to restrict the consumption of alcohol and to carry through a reform of the public houses.
The review’s practical centre is Carlisle, where munitions production brought an influx of workers, overcrowding, and increased drunkenness. Schwiedland describes the withdrawal of licences and public administration of the remaining establishments as measures addressing this industrially intensified social problem. Their significance extends beyond restricting access to alcohol.
Die Betriebe wurden durch Verabreichung von Speisen sowie von leichten Erfrischungsmitteln vom Interesse an der Steigerung und Hochhaltung des Alkoholabsatzes gelöst und eine vorbildliche Gasthausreform wurde auch in sonstigen Belangen durchgeführt.
English translation: By the serving of food as well as of light refreshments, the establishments were detached from any interest in increasing and keeping up the sale of alcohol, and an exemplary public-house reform was carried through in other respects as well.
Food and light refreshments represent an institutional change: the public house could serve social needs without depending on sustained or rising alcohol sales. Schwiedland presents Carlisle’s results favourably and reports the perceived necessity of extending the system nationally. His account links the ownership programme to an administrative precedent, making the reorganization of commercial incentives central to the case for reform.
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