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Bestimmungsgründe des Preises
1921
by
Engländer
Austrian School
Price Theory
Classical Economics
Friedrich von Wieser
Karl Marx
Marginal Cost
Marginal Utility
Subjective Value
Capital Theory
Economic Goods
Factors of Production
Ground Rent
Monopoly
Supply and Demand
Opportunity Cost
Capitalism
Price Formation
Cartels
Production Costs
Price Controls
Elasticity of Demand
Competition
Economic Calculation
Capital Goods
Saving
Time Preference
Uncertainty
Monetary Theory
Profit and Loss
Interest Rates
Labor Market
Unemployment
Wages
Anthropology
Income Distribution
Innovation
Standard of Living
Equilibrium
Stationary Economy
Scarcity
Valuation
Overproduction
Economic History
Table of Contents · 82 segments
1
Title Page and Publication Information
essay
2
Preface: Intellectual Sources and Aim of the Theory
essay
3
Detailed Table of Contents of the Price Theory Treatise
chapter
4
Introduction: Price as a Monetary Bargaining Result
theoretical
5
Part I.A §1: Maximum Bid of a Single Buyer for a Single Consumption Good
theoretical
6
Maximum price offer of a single buyer for a consumption good
theoretical
7
Genuine and non-genuine costs in purchase decisions
theoretical
8
Maximum bid, actual price, and the non-proportionality of value and price
theoretical
9
Multiple units of one good with equal-ranked wants
theoretical
10
Declining utility within an uninterrupted series of same-kind wants
theoretical
11
Intermingled rankings across different consumption goods
theoretical
12
Maximum Bids for Multiple Units of a Consumption Good
theoretical
13
Equal Prices for Like Consumption Goods for the Same Buyer
theoretical
14
Relations among Maximum Bids and Prices for Goods of Equal and Different Rank
theoretical
15
Equal-Rank Goods and Equal Marginal Utility: Maximum Bids and Price Relations
theoretical
16
Different-Rank Goods: Constant Replacement Ratios and Economic Goods Categories
theoretical
17
Variable Substitution, Discontinuous Replacement Ratios, and Price Bounds
theoretical
18
Prices Below the Maximum-Bid Boundary: Definition, Fixed Prices, and Rationing
theoretical
19
Buyer-Side Conditions for Prices Below the Maximum-Bid Boundary
theoretical
20
Types of Intermittent Marginal Utility and the Bread Demand Example
theoretical
21
§ 5 Conclusion: Types of Prices Below the Maximum Bid Limit
theoretical
22
§ 6 Continuation: Refuting Equal Marginal Utility as an Objection
theoretical
23
§ 6 Continuation: Refuting Weighted Marginal Utility and Price Proportionality
theoretical
24
Weighted Marginal Utility and Discontinuous Substitution
theoretical
25
Quality Differences and Prices Below the Maximum Bid
theoretical
26
Unequal Prices for Goods with Equal Marginal Utility
theoretical
27
Closed-Economy Analogy for Prices Below the Maximum Bid
theoretical
28
Demanded Quantity at a Given Price
theoretical
29
Demanded Quantity, Actual Quantity, and Price Adjustment
theoretical
30
Relationships Between Price and Quantity Purchased by an Individual Buyer
theoretical
31
Concluding Remarks on Buyer Deliberation and the Economic Justification of Prices
theoretical
32
Substitute Calculations for Price Justification under Price and Wealth Changes
theoretical
33
Marginal Utility as the Basis for Price Deliberation, Not Total Valuation
theoretical
34
Preference, Intensity of Desire, and the Initial Treatment of Future Goods
theoretical
35
Against Time Preference for Consumption Goods and the Role of Income, Saving, and Expected Prices
theoretical
36
Competition among Buyers with Equal General Willingness to Pay
theoretical
37
Competition Among Buyers with Equal General Willingness to Pay
theoretical
38
Competition among Buyers with Equal General Willingness to Pay: Quantity, Price, and Inter-Good Price Relations
theoretical
39
Competition among Buyers with Different General Willingness to Pay: The Least Necessary Special Willingness
theoretical
40
Marginal Buyer Classes, Social Stratification, and Value Disposition
theoretical
41
Uniform Prices under Buyer Heterogeneity and Seller Competition
theoretical
42
Monopoly, Monopoloid Pricing, and Obstacles to Price Discrimination
theoretical
43
Limits of Price Discrimination by Wealth under Monopoly
theoretical
44
Upper Price Boundary for Buyers with Unequal General Price Willingness
theoretical
45
Necessary Price When Marginal Demand Is Not Fully Satisfied
theoretical
46
Three Lower Price Boundaries under Fully Satisfied Demand
theoretical
47
Practical Role of Excluded Buyer Strata in Lower Price Formation
theoretical
48
Which Buyer Groups Determine Price under Heterogeneous Price Willingness
theoretical
49
Question of Prices below the Maximum Bid Boundary
theoretical
50
Why Higher-Willingness Buyers Usually Pay below Their Maximum Bid
theoretical
51
Can Marginal Buyers Pay below Their Maximum Bid?
theoretical
52
Relations between Upper Boundary and the Three Lower Boundaries
theoretical
53
Summary: Buyer Competition Does Not Make Marginal Willingness a Necessary Price
theoretical
54
Quantity Sold at a Given Price among Heterogeneous Buyers
theoretical
55
Reciprocal Changes of Quantity Sold and Price
theoretical
56
Effects of Changes in Buyers’ Price Willingness on Sales
theoretical
57
Relative Prices of Different Goods under Heterogeneous Buyers
theoretical
58
Completion of Buyer-Side Price Theory and Its Indeterminacy
theoretical
59
Seller-Side Determinants and the Rejection of Seller Value Bounds
theoretical
60
Bargaining, Combat Means, and Bilateral Monopoly
theoretical
61
Unilateral Seller Monopoly and Profit-Maximizing Monopoly Price
theoretical
62
Given Supply Under Free Competition and the Limits of Monopoly Cases
theoretical
63
Cost-Produced Goods and Cost-Plus-Normal-Profit Pricing
theoretical
64
Cost-Price Formation under Seller Competition with Partial Existing Stock
theoretical
65
Buyer Withholding and the Inclusion of Normal Profit in Cost Price
theoretical
66
Cost Goods, Quantity-Price Causality, and the Circularity Objection
theoretical
67
Limits of Cost Explanation and the Turn to Labor Power
theoretical
68
Why Wages Are Not Determined by the Cost of Subsistence
theoretical
69
The Reversed Causality between Wages and Prices of Necessities
theoretical
70
Labor Disutility as a Possible Price Determinant
theoretical
71
Price Determinants of Human Labor Power: Disutility, Labor Supply, and Employed Quantity
theoretical
72
General Determination of Prices from Labor Quantity and Buyer Income
theoretical
73
Continued labor-cost proportions, income-based allocation, and stationary production
theoretical
74
General cost law from scarce higher-order labor and buyer demand
theoretical
75
Differential production conditions, marginal cost, and rent
theoretical
76
Price relations between labor-derived goods and a fixed-quantity first-order good
theoretical
77
Price bounds when both fixed goods are higher-order inputs
theoretical
78
Generalization to many fixed inputs, monopoly price, and buyer determinants
theoretical
79
Cost-price equalization when goods are produced before sale
theoretical
80
Continuation of §15: Cost Prices, Given Quantities, and the Non-Causal Cost Series
theoretical
81
§16–§17: Prices Below the Maximum Bid, Supply and Demand, and Opening Analysis of Production Factors
theoretical
82
Capital Interest, Labor, and Income Categories in Price Formation
theoretical