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Conceived in liberty
1979
by
Rothbard
Mises Institute
American Revolution
Liberalism
Ludwig von Mises
Mercantilism
John Locke
Property Rights
Feudalism
Statism
Taxation
Natural Law
Capitalism
Free Trade
Historical School
Laissez-faire
Knowledge Economics
Slavery
David Hume
Political Philosophy
Competition
Legal Tender
Price Controls
Class Struggle
Marxism
Monopoly
Subsidies
Federalism
Fiat Money
Commodity Money
Land Reform
Planned Economy
Austrian School
Free Banking
Gresham's Law
Inflation
Infrastructure
Rule of Law
Voltaire
Legal Theory
Sovereignty
Edmund Burke
Anarchism
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Montesquieu
Ideology
Public Finance
International Trade
Physiocracy
Separation of Powers
Deficit Spending
Central Banking
Self-Determination
French Revolution
Geopolitics
Table of Contents · 292 segments
1
Cover, title page, and publication information
essay
2
Contents
essay
3
Preface
essay
4
Volume 1 title and John Locke epigraph
essay
5
Part I Opening and Chapter 1: Medieval Europe, Oriental Trade, and the Rise of Statism
chapter
6
Chapter 1: Late Medieval Trade Diversion, Hanseatic Commerce, Wool Monopoly, and Mercantilism
chapter
7
Chapter 1: Navigation, Portuguese Exploration, Columbus, and the Iberian Atlantic Division
chapter
8
Chapter 1: Early Atlantic and Global Exploration, Conquest, and European Rivalry
chapter
9
Chapter 1: Spanish Colonial Feudalism, Natural-Law Critiques, and English Maritime Institutions
chapter
10
Chapter 1: Rural Textile Capitalism, Antwerp, Dutch Commerce, and the Anti-Statist Thesis
chapter
11
Chapter 1: Tudor Mercantilist State-Building, Star Chamber, Ireland, and Economic Controls
chapter
12
Chapter 1: Elizabethan Mercantilism, Muscovy Trade, Spanish America, Florida, and Privateering
chapter
13
Chapter 1: Gilbert, Raleigh, Hakluyt, Roanoke, Virginia, Jamestown, and Dutch/French Rivalry
chapter
14
Chapter 2: New World Land, Property Rights, Feudalism, and Proprietary Companies
chapter
15
The Virginia Company
chapter
16
From Company to Royal Colony
chapter
17
The Social Structure of Virginia: Planters and Farmers
chapter
18
The Social Structure of Virginia: Bondservants and Slaves
chapter
19
Religion in Virginia
chapter
20
The Royal Government of Virginia
chapter
21
British Mercantilism over Virginia
chapter
22
Relations with the Indians
chapter
23
Bacon's Rebellion
chapter
24
Maryland
chapter
25
The Carolinas
chapter
26
The Aftermath of Bacon's Rebellion in the Other Southern Colonies
chapter
27
The Glorious Revolution and its Aftermath: Maryland
chapter
28
The Glorious Revolution and its Aftermath: The Carolinas
chapter
29
Virginia After Bacon's Rebellion
chapter
30
Part III: The Founding of New England; Chapter 17: The Religious Factor
chapter
31
Chapter 18: The Founding of Plymouth Colony
chapter
32
Chapter 19: The Founding of Massachusetts Bay
chapter
33
Chapter 20: The Puritans Purify: Theocracy in Massachusetts
chapter
34
Chapter 21: Suppressing Heresy: The Flight of Roger Williams and Chapter 22 Opening Marker
chapter
35
Suppressing Heresy: The Flight of Anne Hutchinson
chapter
36
The Further Settlement of Rhode Island: The Odyssey of Samuell Gorton
chapter
37
Rhode Island in the 1650s: Roger Williams' Shift from Liberty
chapter
38
The Planting of Connecticut
chapter
39
The Seizure of Northern New England
chapter
40
Joint Action in New England: The Pequot War
chapter
41
The New England Confederation
chapter
42
Suppressing Heresy: Massachusetts Persecutes the Quakers
chapter
43
Economics Begins to Dissolve the Theocracy: Disintegration of the Fur Monopoly
chapter
44
Economics Begins to Dissolve the Theocracy: The Failure of Wage and Price Control
chapter
45
Mercantilism, Merchants, and "Class Conflict"
theoretical
46
Economics Begins to Dissolve the Theocracy: The Failure of Subsidized Production
chapter
47
The Rise of the Fisheries and the Merchants
chapter
48
Theocracy Begins to Wither: The Half-Way Covenant
chapter
49
The Decline and the Rigors of Plymouth
chapter
50
The Restoration Crisis in New England: Charters, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Haven
chapter
51
Massachusetts Bay and the Royal Commission
chapter
52
Navigation Acts, Mercantilism, and New England Trade
chapter
53
Part IV: The Rise and Fall of New Netherland — The Formation of New Netherland
chapter
54
Governors and Government
chapter
55
The Dutch and New Sweden
chapter
56
New Netherland Persecutes the Quakers
chapter
57
The Fall and Breakup of New Netherland
chapter
58
Part V and Chapter 43: The Northern Colonies, 1666-1675
chapter
59
The Beginning of Andros’ Rule in New York
chapter
60
Further Decline of the Massachusetts Theocracy
chapter
61
King Philip's War
chapter
62
The Crown Begins the Takeover of New England, 1676-1679
chapter
63
The Crown Takes over New Hampshire, 1680-1685
chapter
64
Edward Randolph Versus Massachusetts, 1680-1684
chapter
65
The Re-Opening of the Narragansett Claims, 1679-1683
chapter
66
The Rule of Joseph Dudley and the Council of New England
chapter
67
New York, 1676-1686
chapter
68
Turmoil in East New Jersey, 1678-1686
chapter
69
The Development of West New Jersey
chapter
70
"The Holy Experiment": The Founding of Pennsylvania, 1681-1690
chapter
71
The Dominion of New England
chapter
72
The Glorious Revolution in the Northern Colonies, 1689-1690
chapter
73
The Glorious Revolution in the Northern Colonies, 1690-1692
chapter
74
Aftermath in the 1690s: The Salem Witch-Hunt and Stoughton's Rise to Power
chapter
75
The Liberalism of Lord Bellomont in the Royal Colonies
chapter
76
The Aftermath of Bellomont
chapter
77
Rhode Island and Connecticut After the Glorious Revolution
chapter
78
The Unification of the Jerseys
chapter
79
Government Returns to Pennsylvania
chapter
80
The Colonies in the First Decade of the Eighteenth Century
chapter
81
Bibliographical Essay: Sources on Colonial American History
bibliography
82
Volume 2 Front Matter, Cato's Letters Epigraph, and Introduction: The Colonies in the Eighteenth Century
chapter
83
Part I, Chapter 1: Liberalism in Massachusetts
chapter
84
Chapter 2: Presbyterian Connecticut
chapter
85
Chapter 3: Libertarianism in Rhode Island
chapter
86
Chapter 4: Land Tenure and Land Allocation in New England
chapter
87
Chapter 5: New Hampshire Breaks Free and Chapter 6 Marker
chapter
88
The Narragansett Planters
chapter
89
New York Land Monopoly
chapter
90
Slavery in New York
chapter
91
Land Conflicts in New Jersey
chapter
92
The Ulster Scots
chapter
93
The Pennsylvania Germans
chapter
94
Pennsylvania: Quakers and Indians
chapter
95
The Emergence of Benjamin Franklin
chapter
96
The Paxton Boys
chapter
97
The Virginia Land System
chapter
98
The Virginia Political Structure
chapter
99
Virginia Tobacco
chapter
100
Slavery in Virginia
chapter
101
Indian War in North Carolina
chapter
102
The North Carolina Proprietary
chapter
103
Royal Government in North Carolina
chapter
104
Slavery in South Carolina
chapter
105
Proprietary Rule in South Carolina
chapter
106
The Land Question in South Carolina
chapter
107
Georgia: The "Humanitarian" Colony
chapter
108
Illustration Plates and Part II Heading
essay
109
Intercolonial Developments: Inflation and the Creation of Paper Money
chapter
110
The Communication of Ideas: Postal Service and the Freedom of the Press
chapter
111
Religious Trends in the Colonies
chapter
112
The Great Awakening
chapter
113
The Growth of Deism
chapter
114
The Quakers and the Abolition of Slavery; Chapter 32 Marker
chapter
115
The Beginning of the Struggle over American Bishops
chapter
116
Anglican Encroachments and the Independent Reflector in New York
chapter
117
The Growth of Libertarian Thought: Historical Background and Sources
chapter
118
Algernon Sidney and the Right of Revolution
theoretical
119
John Locke: Natural Rights, Property, and Revolution
theoretical
120
Cato’s Letters, Mayhew, and Lockean Natural Rights in America
theoretical
121
New Light Ministers, Separates, and Religious Liberty Petitions
chapter
122
Voltaire, French Liberalism, and Transition to Part III
chapter
123
Relations with Britain: Assembly Versus Governor
chapter
124
Mercantilist Restrictions
chapter
125
King George's War
chapter
126
Early Phases of the French and Indian War
chapter
127
The Persecution of the Acadians
chapter
128
Total War
chapter
129
The American Colonies and the War
chapter
130
Concluding Peace and Chapter 42 Marker
chapter
131
Administering the Conquests
chapter
132
Bibliographical Essay
bibliography
133
Volume 3 opening epigraph: Advance to Revolution, 1760–1775
chapter
134
The Stage Is Set
chapter
135
The Ohio Lands: Pontiac's Rebellion
chapter
136
The Ohio Lands: The Proclamation Line of 1763
chapter
137
The British Army and the Grand Design
chapter
138
Writs of Assistance in Massachusetts
chapter
139
The White Pine Act
chapter
140
Molasses and the American Revenue Act
chapter
141
Reaction in Massachusetts
chapter
142
Reaction in Rhode Island and Connecticut
chapter
143
Reaction in New York
chapter
144
Reaction in Pennsylvania
chapter
145
Reaction in New Jersey
chapter
146
Reaction in the South
chapter
147
Enforcement Troubles
chapter
148
The Newport Case
chapter
149
The Threat of the Anglican Bishops
chapter
150
The Parsons’ Cause
chapter
151
Wilkes and Liberty, 1763–1764
chapter
152
Passage of the Stamp Act
chapter
153
Initial Reaction to the Stamp Act
chapter
154
Patrick Henry Intervenes
chapter
155
Sam Adams Rallies Boston
chapter
156
Rhode Island Responds
chapter
157
Response in New York
chapter
158
Response in Virginia
chapter
159
Response in Connecticut
chapter
160
Response in Pennsylvania
chapter
161
Response in the Carolinas and Georgia
chapter
162
Official Protests
chapter
163
The Stamp Act Congress
chapter
164
Ignoring the Stamp Tax
chapter
165
Government Replaced by the Sons of Liberty
chapter
166
Repeal of the Stamp Act
chapter
167
Aftermath of Repeal
chapter
168
Illustrations and OCR Artifact List
essay
169
Part V: The Townshend Crisis, 1766–1770 — The Mutiny Act
chapter
170
The New York Land Revolt
chapter
171
Passage of the Townshend Acts
chapter
172
The Nonimportation Movement Begins
chapter
173
Conflict in Boston
chapter
174
Wilkes and Liberty: The Massacre of St. George’s Fields
chapter
175
British Troops Occupy Boston
chapter
176
Nonimportation in the South
chapter
177
Rhode Island Joins Nonimportation
chapter
178
Boycotting the Importers
chapter
179
The Boston Massacre
chapter
180
Conflict in New York
chapter
181
Wilkes and America
chapter
182
Partial Repeal of the Townshend Duties
chapter
183
New York Breaks Nonimportation
chapter
184
Part VI and Chapter 50: The South Carolina Regulation
chapter
185
Chapter 51: The North Carolina Regulation
chapter
186
Part VII: Prelude to Revolution; The Uneasy Lull, 1770–1772
chapter
187
The Gaspée Incident
chapter
188
The Committees of Correspondence
chapter
189
Tea Launches the Final Crisis
chapter
190
The Boston Tea Party
chapter
191
The Other Colonies Resist Tea
chapter
192
The Coercive Acts
chapter
193
The Quebec Act
chapter
194
Boston Calls for the Solemn League and Covenant
chapter
195
Selecting Delegates to the First Continental Congress
chapter
196
Resistance in Massachusetts
chapter
197
The First Continental Congress
chapter
198
The Continental Association
chapter
199
The Impact on Britain
chapter
200
The Tory Press in America
chapter
201
Massachusetts: Nearing the Final Conflict
chapter
202
Support from Virginia
chapter
203
The Shot Heard Round the World: The Final Conflict Begins
chapter
204
Part VIII: Other Forces for Revolution — The Expansion of Libertarian Thought
chapter
205
The Vermont Revolution: The Green Mountain Boys
chapter
206
The Revolutionary Movement: Ideology and Motivation
theoretical
207
Bibliographical Essay
bibliography
208
Volume 4 Opening: The Revolutionary War, 1775–1784
essay
209
The War Begins: Spreading the News of Lexington and Concord
chapter
210
The Response in Britain
chapter
211
Guerrilla or Conventional War
chapter
212
The Seizure of Fort Ticonderoga
chapter
213
The Response of the Continental Congress
chapter
214
Charles Lee: Champion of Liberty and Guerrilla War
chapter
215
The Battle of Bunker Hill
chapter
216
Washington Transforms the Army
chapter
217
The Invasion of Canada
chapter
218
Paper Money Financing
chapter
219
The New Postal System
chapter
220
New York Fumbles in the Crisis
chapter
221
Suppressing the Tories: The Suppression of Tories Begins
chapter
222
Suppressing Tories in Rhode Island and Connecticut
chapter
223
Suppressing Tories in New York
chapter
224
Suppressing Tories in the Middle Colonies
chapter
225
Virginia Battles Lord Dunmore
chapter
226
Battling Tories in the South
chapter
227
Part III: The War in the First Half of 1776; Chapter 19: The British Assault on Charleston
chapter
228
Chapter 20: Forcing the British Out of Boston
chapter
229
Chapter 21: Privateering and the War at Sea
chapter
230
Chapter 22: Commodities, Manufacturing, and Foreign Trade
chapter
231
Chapter 23: Getting Aid from France
chapter
232
Chapter 24: Polarization in England and the German Response to Renting “Hessians”
chapter
233
Part IV: America Declares Independence — Chapter 25: America Polarizes
chapter
234
Chapter 26: Forming New Governments: New Hampshire
chapter
235
Chapter 27: New England Ready for Independence
chapter
236
Chapter 28: The Sudden Emergence of Tom Paine
chapter
237
Chapter 29: Massachusetts Turns Conservative
chapter
238
Chapter 30: The Drive Toward Independence
chapter
239
Chapter 31: The Struggle in Pennsylvania and Delaware
chapter
240
Illustration Plates: Revolutionary Figures and Events
essay
241
Chapter 32: New Jersey and Maryland Follow
chapter
242
Chapter 33: Independence Declared
chapter
243
Chapter 34: New York Succumbs to Independence
chapter
244
Part V: The Military History of the Revolution, 1776–1778 — The Invasion of New York
chapter
245
The Campaigns in New Jersey
chapter
246
Planning in the Winter of 1777
chapter
247
Rebellion at Livingston Manor
chapter
248
The Burgoyne Disaster
chapter
249
Howe’s Expedition in Pennsylvania
chapter
250
Winter at Valley Forge and Opening Marker for Chapter 42
chapter
251
The Battle of Monmouth and the Ouster of Lee
chapter
252
Response in Britain and France
chapter
253
Part VI: The Political History of the United States, 1776–1778 — The Drive for Confederation
chapter
254
The Articles of Confederation
chapter
255
Radicalism Triumphs in Pennsylvania
chapter
256
Chapter 47: Struggles Over Other State Governments
chapter
257
Chapter 48: The Rise and Decline of Conservatism in New York
chapter
258
Part VII, Chapter 49: The End of the War in the North
chapter
259
Chapter 50: The War at Sea
chapter
260
Chapter 51: The War in the West
chapter
261
Chapter 52: The Southern Strategy
chapter
262
Chapter 53: The Invasion of Georgia and Chapter 54 Opening Marker
chapter
263
The Capture of Charleston
chapter
264
The Emergence of Guerrilla Warfare in South Carolina
chapter
265
Gates Meets the Enemy
chapter
266
The Battle of King's Mountain and the End of the 1780 Campaign
chapter
267
Greene's Unorthodox Strategy
chapter
268
The Race to the Dan
chapter
269
The Battle of Guilford Courthouse
chapter
270
The Liberation of South Carolina
chapter
271
The Final Battle
chapter
272
After Yorktown in the West
chapter
273
The Response in Britain
chapter
274
Making Peace
chapter
275
Part VIII and Chapter 66: Land Claims and the Ratification of the Articles of Confederation
chapter
276
Inflationary Finance and Price Controls
chapter
277
Conservative Counter-Revolution: Massachusetts and Pennsylvania in 1780
chapter
278
Robert Morris and the Conservative Counter-Revolution in National Politics, 1780–1782
chapter
279
Robert Morris and the Public Debt
chapter
280
The Drive for a Federal Tariff
chapter
281
The Newburgh Conspiracy
chapter
282
The Fall of Morris and the Emergence of the Order of the Cincinnati
chapter
283
The Western Lands and the Ordinance of 1784
chapter
284
The Republic of Vermont
chapter
285
Part IX and Chapter 76: Oppressing the Tories
chapter
286
Chapter 77: Tory Lands in New York
chapter
287
Chapter 78: Elimination of Feudalism and the Beginnings of the Abolition of Slavery
chapter
288
Chapter 79: Disestablishment and Religious Freedom
chapter
289
Chapter 80: Was the American Revolution Radical?
chapter
290
Chapter 81: The Impact in Europe
chapter
291
Bibliographical Essay
bibliography
292
Index
bibliography