3,801 works, 471 books, 3,267 articles, 60 other works, 3 awaiting classification, 150 years of economic thought. Each one summarized and searchable, with cited passages inside.
A long-term security need not represent a long-term commitment. This distinction anchors Gertrud Lovasy’s 1937 article on international capital movements in 1927–1936. New foreign lending had collapsed, yet European purchases of American securities continued to grow: was capital financing investment abroad, or merely seeking temporary shelter? Lovasy combines evidence from major creditor countries with an account of how currency uncertainty, exchange controls, and trade restrictions disrupt investment and transfer. She argues that some apparently durable inflows may instead be readily reversible flight funds. Her careful separation of financial instruments from investors’ purposes gives readers a concrete way to question what capital-flow statistics actually measure—and why renewed market activity need not signal renewed confidence in foreign investment.
Protecting coffee exporters’ earnings can prolong the very surplus that threatens them. In this 1962 article, Gertrud Lovasy examines that dilemma through a market in which trees take years to bear, remain productive for decades, and supply consumers whose demand responds little to falling prices. Her analysis distinguishes withholding coffee from reducing the capacity to produce it, and shows how Brazil’s restraint could support prices while benefiting competing exporters. Export quotas emerge as a practicable interim measure, not a cure: without enforceable output reductions, they leave the underlying imbalance intact. Readers can discover why an apparently straightforward price-support policy becomes a difficult negotiation over who bears the costs of adjustment—and why preserving export income and restoring market balance require different instruments.